Permaculture Design Course and Food Forest Course

Permaculture Design Course and Food Forest Course
S.Miguel Island - Azores - Portugal
Permaculture is to live in harmony with nature providing for human needs and the needs of everything around us

O.B.R.E.D.I.M.C.E. My design toolbox

O.B.R.E.D.I.M.C.E.
My design toolbox

"Teaching the OBREDIM"

The key for designing the projects
Wen i design i try to keep my design toolbox very close to me, so that at any moment i can just look inside and see which one is the most efficient in that precise moment.


My favorite design tools that i apply to my ideas are:

O.B.R.E.D.I.M.C.E.
Holistic management
The scale of permanence
D.A.F.O.R.
P.A.S.T.E.
S.W.O.C.
P.M.I.

Small but strong steps

O.B.R.E.D.I.M.C.E.

For the design process of this projects ive chosen the O.B.R.E.D.I.M.C.E. as main framework, based on the O.B.R.E.D.I.M. tool to which i extended the C. and E. and mixed with other tools like holistic management or the scale of permanence.

O.B.R.E.D.I.M.C.E. is a mnemonic that stands for Observation, Boundaries, Resources, Evaluation, Design, Implementation, Maintenance, Celebration and Evaluation again.

I ve used this tool because it is in my opinion the most “organic” design process of everything i ve tried, easy to remember and easy to apply, thats the reason for using  it and specially teaching it...and i really love to do that...
Ive added the C. that stands for celebration, because i foud a critical importance on celebrating and taking some time to rejubilate with the achievements, and i also added another E. for another evaluation, so that the evaluation keeps happening several times along the process, to make it even more holistic and so that the spirit is not lost between the letters, and also so that the people never forget to celebrate and appreciate their regenerations .

The process will move on without stopping, after getting to the final E. of evaluation we should go back again to the beginning to improve it or try new updates and then implement the new ideas, maintain them and finally to celebrate again, as a spiral that repeats the pattern...

O.B.R.E.D.I.M.C.E. O.B.R.E.D.I.M.C.E. O.B.R.E.D.I.M.C.E.

It flows like the pattern of a song that repeats itself and we try to keep an open eye for a constant observation of changes.

Obredimce, obredamce... life goes ooonnnn...ohhhh ohhhh life goes on...




O.B.R.E.D.I.M.C.E.

Index

Observation
Objectives for observation:
Intuitive Observation
Deductive Observation
D.A.F.O.R.
Principle for observation:

Boundaries
Objectives for boundaries:
Holistic objectives
Visible Boundaries
Invisible Boundaries
The scale of permanence
Subtile boundaries
Desire lines
D.A.F.O.R.
Principle for boundaries

Resources
Objectives for resources:
Visible Resources
Invisible Resources
P.A.S.T.E.
D.A.F.O.R.
Principle for resources

Evaluation
Objectives for evaluation

Imput and output analysis
Needs/Yields
Limiting factors
S.W.O.C.
Systems dynamics
Web of life
D.A.F.O.R.
Principle for evaluation

Design
Objectives for design:
Master plan
Zoning
Sector Analisys
Filtering Tools
Principles use
P.M.I.
Principle for design

Implementation
Objectives for implementation:
Stacking
D.A.F.O.R.
Set priorities
Principle for implementation

Maintenance
Objectives for maintainance:
P.A.S.T.E.
S.W.O.C.
Colecting data
Principle for maintainance

Celebration
Objectives for celebration:
S.W.O.C.
D.A.F.O.R.
Party
Principle for celebration

Evaluation
Objectives for evaluation:
P.A.S.T.E.
Limiting factors
S.W.O.C.
Systems dynamics
Web of life
Principle for evaluation

"Painting about Permaculture"


O.B.R.E.D.I.M.C.E.
...step by step...

Observation
The key to permaculture is a good observation”



For the projects ive been involved in, the implementation started right after i arrived, because of the urgent need for development, but still i ve chosen to give small and slow steps so that i could develop my skills of observation and conscience of the landscape, and by doing that i could know what to do next and wen to do it, just by listening to what nature wants to say.

Objectives of observation:
-Improve and practice observation skills
-Give a general and detailed idea of the aspects of the elements in the system
-Get a detailed perception of the landscape and the cause of problems
-Take into consideration all the potential of the elements in the system
-Read the patterns in the landscape
-Visit the area under development in different conditions, in different times of the day and night, and in different times of the year.
-Discover in an intuitive way the connections between the elements.
-Go slowly into conclusions, so that they can be more precise
-Avoid judgement before gathering all the aspects of the intuitive observation.

The process of observation can be done in an intuitive or deductive way, very different in the way each one approaches observation one its based on a childlike pattern, and the other in an mature experience.

Intuitive Observation
-Childlike observation
-Done in meditative state
-Use all of possible senses
-The longer the better thru different seasons
-With clear mind without concepts
-Register what pops up
-Apply in extreme conditions

Deductive Observation
-Mature and based on experience
-Looking for natural connections
-Cause and effect
-How? Why?Wen?Who?
-Looking for characteristics of elements
-Energy efficient links
-Avoid imposing patterns
-Dance with nature

D.A.F.O.R.
Ive also used the D.A.F.O.R. Framework in my designs, in many different moments, and its another mnemonic, that stands for Dominant, Abundant, Frequent, Occasional, Rare and that can used to classify the patterns of presence of specific resources or elements, like plants, animals, tools, materials, climate, money, events, ideas etc.

Principle for observation
Design from patterns to details”

Boundaries
To know our boundaries is to know witch direction we can expand”


Objectives for boundaries:
-Create an holistic view statement
-To know the context were we are working
-Share of information with client
-Identify areas were energy is produced or acumulated
-Gathering of crucial information
-Awareness of available resources
-Identify were is the potential to expand and scale up.
-To know were are entropic situations.
-To get a more clear idea of focus and direction

Client interview
A good moment to make the client interview so that he can start influencing the design with more detailed information about the project.

Holistic objectives

Vision

Mission

Quality of life

Future resource base

Types of boundaries
There are two types of boundaries, the visible and the invisible, usualy people can very easily identify the visible ones, there is an extreme importance on being aware of invisible boundaries.

Visible Boundaries
Climatic
Landscape
Natural
Constructions
Materials
Money
People

Invisible Boundaries
Cultural
Language
Legal
Finance
Knowledge
Education

The scale of permanence
Ive also used P.A. Yeomans scale of permanence to get to know my limiting factors for design, a tool that can be used to find priorities for the regeneration.
Its very important when designing to consider how we can use resources to best effect, and how we can get it to perform as many functions as possible before they leave the site, so that we can achieve energy efficiency and self resiliency.

1-Climate
Weather potentials

2-Landscape
Geography

3-Water
Sources and possibilities

4-Access
Flows of activity

5-Habitats
Ecosystem architecture

6-Micro climates
Sun, water, soil, wind patterns

7-Buildings
Location and function

8-Zones
Environmental, social and legal limits

9-Soils
Type and characteristics

10-Aesthetics
Experiences and feelings

Subtile boundaries
Areas were yield can be maximized:

-Ecotones
-Opened niches
-Edge effects
-Microclimates


Desire lines
-Is the access placed on the best place?

D.A.F.O.R.
Dominant, Abundant, Frequent, Occasional, Rare

Principle for Boundaries
Valorize marginal elements”

Resources
What can i count on”


Objectives for resources:
-To know what are the available resources
-Gathering of information
-How many? How long?
-What do we have on site?

Visible Resources
Water
Energy
Materials
Money
Friends
Space
Structures

Invisible Resources
Knowledge
Skills
Ideas
Information
Time
Optimism


P.A.S.T.E.
I also use the P.A.S.T.E. tool wen evaluating so that i can know who are the main elements in my design, and how can i use them.

P.A.S.T.E. stands for Plants, Animals, Structures, Tools, Events

Plants
Annuals, Perennials, trees and fungi

Animals
Wild and domestic, birds, mammals, insects, fish, reptiles and amphibians

Structures
Houses, buildings, sheds, paths

Tools
Machines and tools available

Events
Social and natural, courses, storms, gatherings, visits


D.A.F.O.R.
Dominant, Abundant, Frequent, Occasional, Rare

Principle for Resources
Use local and renewable resources”

Evaluation
What you see its not what you get, its now time to think about”


Objectives for evaluation
-Site analysis
-How is the energy flowing?
-Were are the energy leaks?
-What might be the needs and the yields
-Evaluate information
-Identify interactions

-To know were are entropic situations.
-To get a more clear idea of focus and direction


-What might be the needs and the yields
-External and internal inputs

-Understanding energy flows and leaks
-Potential for the reproduction of patterns
-Possibilities for application of permaculture principles
-Future steps
-Identify were is the potential to expand and scale up.

-This is the time to stop the information gathering, check the previous moments and to start looking for potential connections, its very important to try to have a look from different perspectives to find niches.

Imput and output analysis

Needs /Yields
What do we have?
What is missing?
What will we have?
What will be missing?

Limiting factors
What is limiting your yield?
Were can i open more niches?
What improvements can be done?
How to extend limits and comfort zones?

Energy leaks
Where are you bleeding?
Biological
social
financial
legal
energetic
climatic
Working force
Water
Soils

S.W.O.C.
Strenghts, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Constraints

Systems dynamics
Identify key functions
Identify witch systems will support the key functions
Identify witch elements will support the systems
Relations + + between systems 

Web of life
Possible efficient relations

D.A.F.O.R.
Dominant, Abundant, Frequent, Occasional, Rare

Principle for evaluation
Take responsability and accept feed back”

Design
-Design its only a way to make life more efficient and beautiful.


Objectives for design
-Create a base map of what exists.
-Practice your drawing skills
-Take the evaluation to a new step
-Organization of ideas
-Organize interactions
-Develop efficient connections
-Apply permaculture principles
-Objectives for time and space

This is the moment wen we start making our drawings and, we look for our creative skills to apply the permaculture principles in our design, by following our clients opinion at the same time that we try to be opened to change.
The main goal is to work with nature for most efficiency and to be aware that there are no limits to imagination.

Master plan
What are your objectives in time and space and the resources to make it happen

Zoning
According to visits per year
Based on clients needs
Looking at landscape characteristics
Considering energy flows
Time stacking
Space stacking

Filtering Tools

Financial analysis 

 Budget adjustments?


Quality of life 


Do you have the quality of life you were 

looking for?


Permaculture Ethics 
Is your design a manifestation of the 
three permaculture ethics?


Permaculture Principles 


Are they consciously being 

applied?


Efficiency questions

1. How much observation and interaction has lead to this design?
What can be done to increase the observance and interaction?

Can protracted and thoughtful observation be increased as part of the day to day?

What functional relationships can you recognise?



2. How much energy is caught and stored?

What energy is entering and leaving the habitat?

How can you capture gravitational energy of water, or fertility, higher up?

How can we put the same energy through more systems?



3. How much yield does is produced?

How can the edges yields be increased?

4. How much feedback is allowed?
Can you increase localization?
How can more control be relinquished to the habitat?

5. How much renewable resources and services does it use?
How would nature do it?
What genetic intelligence is available to help?
What biological resources are available on site or locally?

6. How much waste does this system produce?
Waste is an unused resource. What use can be devised for waste on site?
Does the system return at least what it takes?

7. How much has this design been worked from patterns to details?
What are the functional relationships?
Would changing the relative location of elements be helpful?

8. How integrated is the solution?
How can you stack more into the existing system?

9. How small and slow are the solutions?
Have you waited one year? (or equivalent full cycle?)
What’s the least change for the greatest effect?
What strategic planting will help?
Have you given room for unforseen sucession in the whole system?
What can you do for the smallest organisms that could help the Habitat?

10. How much diversity does it value?
What elements can be altered or redeployed to given added functions?
What are the back up plan systems?

11. How much does it use edges and the marginal?
Where are the edges?
Soil, the ultimate ‘edge’: How can it be increased with least amount of effort?

12. How does this design encourage creative use and response to change? 
What seed in the problem is the solution?
Does your plan allow for disorder and entropy?
What are the opportunities?


Principle for design
The problem is the solution”

Implementation
Lets get our hands dirty”


Objectives for implementation
-Start small
-Define priorities of action
-Move in a controlled front
-How can the plans be made real
-Get the resources to start
-Manifest your dreams
-Call all your friends

-Usually there are a lot of adaptations that are done to the design, because looking at the paper is not the same as looking at the land and also because the resources dont always have the flow that we expect.

D.A.F.O.R.
Set priorities
Dominant, Abundant, Frequent, Occasional, Rare

Stacking

Time
Space


P.M.I.
Plus-Minus-Interesting

Principle for implementation
Integrate rather than segregate”

Maintenance


Objectives for maintenance
-How much do I want to work?
-What does the system needs?
-Share with the people
-Valorize feed back
-Collecting data
-Be opened to change
-Question yourself
-Adapt

S.W.O.C.
Strenghts, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Constraints

P.A.S.T.E.
P.A.S.T.E. stands for Plants, Animals, Structures, Tools, Events

Colecting data
-What is going on?

Principle for maintainance
Respond to change creatively”

Celebration
Objectives for celebration

-Sharing
-Open space for celebrating
-Stop the mind
-Relax
-Call the community
-Show your achievements
-Enjoy your success
-Breath deep
-Develop art
-Fill other niches
-Celebrate your yields

D.A.F.O.R.
Dominant, Abundant, Frequent, Occasional, Rare

S.W.O.C.
Strenghts, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Constraints

Party
-Pizza night
-Convergence
-Meetings
-Movie nights

Principle for celebration
Obtain a yield”

Evaluation
Objectives for evaluation

-New site analysis
-How is the energy flowing?
-Were are the energy leaks?
-What might be the new needs and the yields
-Evaluate information
-Identify efficient and in efficient interactions
-Future steps
-Potential for the reproduction of patterns
-Possibilities for application of permaculture principles

-This is the time to do a new information gathering, check the previous moments and to start looking for potential connections, its very important to try to have a look from different perspectives to find niches.

P.A.S.T.E.
P.A.S.T.E. stands for Plants, Animals, Structures, Tools, Events

New possibilities for P.A.S.T.E.

Limiting factors
New limitations

Energy leaks
Where are you bleeding?

S.W.O.C.
Strenghts, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Constraints

Systems dynamics
Identify new key functions
Identify witch systems will support the key functions
Identify witch elements will support the systems

Web of life
Possible efficient relations

Principle for evaluation
Produce no waste”


" Wen composting for 30 000 people at Boom festival"

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